Chapter 1. The Late Medieval Background

Spirituality 5
1. Thomas a Kempis, The Imitation of Christ 5
The Papacy 13
2. Boniface VIII, Unam Sanctam 13
The Status of Women 14
3. Heinrich Kraemer, O.P., and Jacob Sprenger, O.P., Malleus Maleficarum 14
4. Henricus Cornelius Agrippa, Declamation on the Nobility and Preeminence of the Female Sex 23
Exegesis 26
5. Jacobus Faber Stapulensis, Introduction to the Commentary on the Psalms 26
Moral Instruction 29
6. The Fasciculus Morum 29
Theology 38
7. Thomas Bradwardine, The Cause of God against the Pelagians 38
8. Gabriel Biel, The Circumcision of the Lord 45
Indulgences 51
9. Clement VI, Unigenitus 52
10. Sixtus IV, Salvator noster 52
11. Albert of Mainz, Instructio summaria 5 3
Eating, Sleeping, and Dying 54
Dietrich Kolde, Mirror for Christians 54
Criticism 57
13- Desiderius Erasmus, In Praise of Folly 57

Chapter 2. Martin Luther
The Person 71
14. Autobiographical Fragment: Preface to the Complete Edition of Luther’s Latin Writings 71
15. Letter to His Father: Dedication of On Monastic Vows 76
16. Luther on His Monastic Life 77
17. From Luther’s Table Talk 78
18. Letter to Katie 80
Theological Writings 81
19- Ninety-five Theses or Disputation on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences
20. A Meditation on Christ’s Passion 86
21. To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation Concerning the Reform of the Christian Estate 90
22. The Freedom of a Christian 98
23. Preface to the New Testament 106
24. Preface to the Old Testament 109
25. The Small Catechism 110
26. The Smalcald Articles 122
Lutheranism 138
27. The Augsburg Confession 138
28. Philip Melanchthon, Apology of the Augsburg Confession 139
29- Formula of Concord 145
Chapter 3. Zwingli and the Radical Reformation
Ulrich Zwingli 152
30. Letter to Utinger 152
31. Of Freedom of Choice in the Selection of Food 152
32. Petition to the Bishop of Constance 153
33. Of the Clarity and Certainty of the Word of God 154
34. Sixty-seven Theses 155
35. On True and False Religion 159
36. Letter to Vadian 161
37. Zwingli’s Death: Two Accounts 162
Thomas Mtintzer 164
38. A Sermon before the Princes 164 The Peasant Revolt 165
39- The Twelve Articles of the Peasants 165
The Anabaptists 167
40. Reminiscences of George Blaurock 168
41. Balthasar Hubmaier, Concerning Heretics and Those Who Burn Them 170
42. Balthasar Hubmaier, A Christian Catechism 172
43. The Schleitheim Confession 176
44. The Trial and Martyrdom of Michael Sattler 180
45. Hans Denck, Concerning True Love 183
Menno Simons, A Meditation on the Twenty-fifth Psalm 190
16. Peter Walpot, True Yieldedness and the Christian Community of Goods 194

Chapter 4. John Calvin
Calvin on Himself 205
48. Preface to the Commentary on the Psalms 205
49. Letter to Melanchthon 213
Practical Matters 214
50. Geneva Ordinances 214
51. Letter Concerning a Pious Woman 218
52. Letter on Usury 219
Servetus Affair 222
53. Letter from David Joris to Servetus’Judges 222
54. Letters from Servetus to the Geneva Council 224 Verdict and Sentence for Michael Servetus 224
Theology: Institutes of the Christian Religion 22 6
56. Knowledge of God 226
57. Scripture 228
58. Original Sin 236 59- Christ 244
60. The Holy Spirit 250
61. The Christian Life 253
62. Predestination 262 63- The Church 269
64. The Lord’s Supper 278
65. Civil Government 280

Chapter 5. The Reformation in England
Introduction 283
Origins: Henry VIII 285
66. Act of Supremacy 285
67. Act of Six Articles 285
The Explicator: Thomas Cranmer 294
68. Preface to the Great Bible 294
69. A Sermon of the Salvation of Mankind 303
Return to the Fold: Mary 310
70. The Marian Injunctions 310
The Final Split: Elizabeth I 312
71. Act of Supremacy 312
72. Act of Uniformity 313
73. The Elizabethan Injunctions 314
74. The Thirty-nine Articles 317
Chapter 6. The Counter/Catholic Reformation
Introduction 325 Early Reactions 327
75. Leo X, Exsurge Domine 327
76. Leo X, Decet Romanum 329
77. Adrian VI to the Diet of Nuremberg 332
78. Cajetan, On Faith and Works 333
79. Contanm and Carafa, Consilium de emendanda ecclesiae 346 oO. Paul III, Licet ab initio 347
The Council of Trent 348
81. Decree and Canons on Justification 349
82. Canons on the Sacraments in General 358
83. Canons on the Eucharist 360
84. Canons on Penance 361
85. Reform Decree on Establishing Seminaries 363
86. Reform Decree on Preaching 364
87. Rules on Prohibited Books 365 The Jesuits 368
88. Ignatius Loyola, Autobiography 368
89. An Early Jesuit Report on Rome 369
90. Ignatius Loyola, Prima summa 369
91. Ignatius Loyola, The Spiritual Exercises 370
92. Letter of Juan de Polanco to Antonio de Araoz 373
93. Letter of Ignatius Loyola to Peter Canisius 375
The New World 377
94. Paul III, Sublimis Deus 377
95. Francisco de Vitoria, De Indis 378
96. Bartolome de las Casas, A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indtes Rome and Elizabeth I 379
97. Pius V, Regnans in excelsis 379